Then we make the water insulated and make it for usual purpose and send it to boiler for further purpose. Development and case study of a geothermal power generation system norihiro fukuda1, katsuki norito1. In the 18 th century, the thermal power plant exists with a lot of improvements in the reciprocating steam engine this reciprocating steam engine is used to develop the steam and with the use of an electric generator makes or. The condenser houses the first two stages of low pressure heaters for simplified arrangement of the turbine building. Power point presentation objective at the end of the session participants will be able to. Isobaric heat rejection condenser an isobaric process, in which the pressure of working.
The steam condenser is an essential component of all modern steam power plants. Nuclear reactor is used to produce heat and heat exchanger performs to convert water into steam by using the heat generated in nuclear reactor. The a frame structured designs are mostly used in the power plants. Steam power plant construction,working, advantages and. A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy is known as a steam. A nuclear power plant is a thermal power station in which the heat source is nuclear reactor. A steam condenser has the following two objectives. Analyze different types of steam cycles and estimate efficiencies in a steam power plant. They lose heat and turn into the liquid from the gaseous state. As the low pressure steam comes in contact with the cooling water, it condenses and converts into water. Steam condenser objective questions mcq and answers. Typical working fluid poses a risk to the environment. Steam power plant an overview sciencedirect topics.
Performance characteristics of an aircooled condenser. The major components of this power plant are boiler, steam turbine, condenser and water feed pump. To condense steam into condensate to be reused again. Layout of steam power plant, simple cross tube vertical. Isentropic expansion steam turbine1 an isentropic process, in which the entropy of working fluid remains constant. Thus, a thermal power station may sometimes called as a steam power station. Today we will study the definition, component, layout, working diagram, advantages, disadvantages, application, pdf of the thermal power plant thermal power plant. In panipat thermal power plant the source of water is satluj yamuna link canal. What is the working principle of a condenser in thermal power plant. A condenser is designed to transfer heat from a working fluid e. The use of a condenser in a powe r plant is to improve the efficiency of the power plant by decreasing the exhaust pressure of the steam below atmospheric pressure. Pdf many people associate solar energy directly with photovoltaics and not with solar thermal power generation.
All the heat put into the plant that is not converted into electricity has to be dissipated somehow to the. Economiser in thermal power plant economiser electrical4u. Condensers are delivered as fully tubed modules, so that little welding is required on site. The steam condenser receives the exhaust steam from one end and comes in contact with the cooling water circulated within it form the cooling tower. Where cooling water is in short supply, an aircooled condenser is often used.
Describe basic working principles of gas turbine and diesel engine power plants define the performance characteristics and components of such. This working fluid is then vaporized in a heat exchanger and used to turn a turbine. Here now we going to discuss only steam power station or steam power generation plant and all other power station in next coming articles. A view of the gpu international 80 mw natural gas fired. Condenser and cooling tower power plant engineering. How does a condenser work in a thermal power plant. A condenser is a heat exchanging device in which substances condense. Boiler, turbine, condenser, pump, carnot cycle for steam, disadvantages of carnot cycle application. During the past decade, many powergeneration companies have paid attention to process improvement in steam power plants by taking measures to improve the plant efficiencies and to minimize the environmental impact e.
Condenser and cooling tower work in power plant youtube. The main steam condenser mc system is designed to condense and deaerate the exhaust steam from the main turbine and provide a heat sink for the turbine bypass system. The exhausted steam from the lp turbines is condensed by passing over tubes containing water from the cooling system. The function of a condenser in a thermal power plantis a. The temperatures obtained from the numerical analysis of the modeled condenser closely match with those of the working temperatures in the thermal power plant, which validates the model. At first the water is chlorified by the use of chlorine in dm plant. An analysis of a thermal power plant working on a rankine. Condenser subcooling is also undesirable because the condensate may contain noncondensible gases that could. We have the advantages, disadvantage, layout, working principle of steam power station or steam power plant in this article. An introduction to condensers and auxiliary equipment for. Also in steam powerplant vapour condense into liquid in condenser after its expansion in the turbine.
Another is that the condenser allows the working fluid to flow in a closed loop and so demineralized water that is less corrosive than tap water can be used economically. The condenser relies on the efficient heat transfer that occurs during phase changes, in this case during the condensation of a vapor into a liquid. Working fluid condensate warm seawater discharge evaporator working fluid vapor warm sea water in turbogenerator working fluid pressurizer boiler feed pump condenser cold sea water in cold seawater discharge figure 2 schematic diagram of a closedcycle otec system. Nuclear power plant working principle of nuclear power plant. Manageability is the ability of a power plant to respond on demand during a. Condenser w 0 steam power plant q h h out 4 1 the thermal efficiency of the rankine cycle is determine from net out th in in k 1 wq qq where w q q w w net in out turbine, out pump, in deviation of actual vapor power cycle from idealized ones the actual vapor power cycle differs from the ideal rankine cycle, as a result of. The nearly all accepted style of air cooled condenser is the modularized a frame structured design, used on industries and power plants of all sizes. Vaporcompression refrigeration, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles.
Pdf analysis of a condenser in a thermal power plant for. High condenser vacuum improves power plant capacity. What is the working principle of a condenser answers. The power plants net efficiency is simply the heat content of electricity 3600 kjkwh divided by the heat rate kjkwh see equation 2. The working fluid is vaporized by heat transfer from the warm sea water in the. The efficiency of the steam power plant is increased by the use of a condenser. The market for aircooling equipment in china continues to be very strong thanks to the countrys. Simplified flow diagram for a kalina binary geothermal power plant. The working principle of nuclear power plant depends upon mainly four components 1. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. An aircooled condenser was installed at chinas 2 x 300mw coalfired zhangshan power plant. Today we are going to read and learn definition, working diagram layout, advantages, disadvantages, and application of thermal power plant note. When the condenser operates under a vacuum, it pulls the steam which improves overall performance of the turbine. Depending on the design conditions, this study estimates that the cooling system can be sized 60%90% of one that only operates during powerproducing periods.
It condenses the spent working fluid from the turbine output back to a liquid before it is recycled back into the steam. Motor characteristics fan motor power must be equal to that required by the fan shaft power divided by the motor and gear box. Power could be produced in open process without condenser using condenser means pressure less than atmospheric pressure is available as turbine exit pressure, raises cycle efficiency using condenser means closed loop recirculation of water, thus purified water can be used, reducing corrosion. After the steam passes through the steam turbine, it is condensed in a condenser and again fed back into the boiler to become steam. The condensate will be collected in the steam collection header and gets the bottom of a structure. A simple model to help understand water use at power plants. The cycle consists of four processes as shown in figures 1 a and 1 b. A surface condenser is a commonly used term for a watercooled shell and tube heat exchanger installed to condense exhaust steam from a steam turbine in thermal power stations. Steam condenser definition, working, types and advantages. It is also used in domestic and commercial refrigerators, largescale warehouses for chilled or frozen storage of foods and meats. Condenser in thermal power plants linkedin slideshare.
Surface condenser in thermal power plant watco group. Development and case study of geothermal power generation system. Condenser in power plants is nothing but an equipment which is used to convert steam gas phase coming from turbines to water liquid phase. Different types of condensor are available in plants but all works on same principle when. Ultratech air cooled condenser specification the steam in tubes is condensate by air come from fan. The number of blades per fan will minimally be 5 but may be as many as 810 depending upon the fan supplier and the performance requirements. By using the storage aspect, initial capital expense can be offset with offpeak power consumption. In air conditioner there is an odu outdoor unit in which evaporated refrigerant flows and loses heat to the atmosphere and thus changes its state from vapour to liquid. Pdf power plant lecture notes chapter2 steam power. It circulates the cooling water through the condenser. It is the power plant which is used to generate electricity by the use steam turbine. Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working.
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